gitsites/Gitlab7.CentOS.md

安装 Gitlab 依赖的工具

# yum -y update
# yum -y groupinstall 'Development Tools'
# yum -y install readline readline-devel ncurses-devel gdbm-devel glibc-devel tcl-devel openssl-devel curl-devel expat-devel db4-devel byacc sqlite-devel libyaml libyaml-devel libffi libffi-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel libicu libicu-devel system-config-firewall-tui git redis ruby sudo wget crontabs logwatch logrotate perl-Time-HiRes

安装 Redis

安装

# yum erase redis
# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-stable.tar.gz
# tar zxvf redis-stable.tar.gz
# cd redis-stable
# make
# make install
# ./utils/install_server.sh

/usr/local/bin/redis-server

配置

创建 /etc/init.d/redis 并使用下面的代码作为启动脚本。

# vim /etc/init.d/redis

添加如下内容：

###########################
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin

REDISPORT=6379
EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server
REDIS_CLI=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis.pid
CONF="/etc/redis/6379.conf"

case "$1" in
    start)
        if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
        then
                echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
        else
                echo "Starting Redis server..."
                $EXEC $CONF
        fi
        if [ "$?"="0" ]
        then
              echo "Redis is running..."
        fi
        ;;
    stop)
        if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
        then
                echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
        else
                PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
                echo "Stopping ..."
                $REDIS_CLI -p $REDISPORT SHUTDOWN
                while [ -x ${PIDFILE} ]
               do
                    echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
                    sleep 1
                done
                echo "Redis stopped"
        fi
        ;;
   restart|force-reload)
        ${0} stop
        ${0} start
        ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
        exit 1
esac
##############################

保存后，添加可执行权限：

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/redis

确保 redis 能随系统启动：

# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

在文件末尾添加下面这行：

# service redis start

然后使用上面同样的命令启动 redis 服务：

# service redis start

安装邮件服务器

# yum -y install postfix
# service postfix start
# chkconfig postfix on

安装Git

先删除系统中原有的老版本 git：

# yum -y remove git
# yum install zlib-devel perl-CPAN gettext curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel

从官方网站下载源代码进行：

# cd ~
# curl --progress https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.7.3.tar.gz | tar xz
# cd git-2.7.3/
# ./configure
# make
# make prefix=/usr/local install

然后使用下面这个命令检测安装是否有效：

# which git

安装 ruby

如果 ruby 的版本低于 2.0 的话，则需要重新安装 ruby。

# ruby --version

# yum erase ruby
# cd ~
# curl --progress ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/ruby-2.3.0.tar.gz | tar xz
# cd ruby-2.3.0
# ./configure --disable-install-rdoc
# make
# make prefix=/usr/local install

为 Gitlab 添加系统用户

# adduser --system --shell /bin/bash --comment 'GitLab' --create-home --home-dir /home/git/ git

为了包含/usr/local/bin到git用户的$PATH，一个方法是编辑超级用户文件。以管理员身份运行：

# visudo

然后搜索：

Defaults    secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

将其改成：

Defaults    secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin

安装数据库

安装

centos 6

安装

# yum -y install mysql-server

设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动

# chkconfig mysqld on

检查自启动状态,如果2--5为on的状态就OK

# chkconfig --list mysqld

启动mysql

# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

centos 7

MySQL 已经不再包含在 CentOS 7 的源中，而改用了 MariaDB，先搜索 MariaDB 现有的包：

# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

然后全部删除：

# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-*

然后创建 /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo：

# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo

将以下内容添加至该文件中：

# MariaDB 10.0 CentOS repository list - created 2015-05-04 19:16 UTC
# http://mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.0/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

然后运行下面命令安装 MariaDB 10.0：

# yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

然后启动 MariaDB 服务：

# service mysql start

配置

接着运行 mysql_secure_installation：

# mysql_secure_installation

登录 MariaDB 并创建相应的数据库用户与数据库：

# mysql -uroot -p
> CREATE USER 'git'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$password';
> SET storage_engine=INNODB;
> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `gitlabhq_production` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET `utf8` COLLATE `utf8_unicode_ci`;
> GRANT SELECT, LOCK TABLES, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER ON `gitlabhq_production`.* TO 'git'@'localhost';
> use mysql;
> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD("123") WHERE user='git';
> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
> quit;
> \q

尝试使用新用户连接数据库：

$ mysql -u git -p -D gitlabhq_production
> \q

安装 Gitlab

克隆源

# su git
$ cd ~
$ git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce.git -b 7-14-stable gitlab
$ git checkout v7.14.3

配置

$ cd ~/gitlab

Copy the example GitLab config 复制GitLab的示例配置文件

$ cp config/gitlab.yml.example config/gitlab.yml

Make sure to change "localhost" to the fully-qualified domain name of your host serving GitLab where necessary 确保修改“localhost”为你的GitLab主机的FQDN If you want to use https make sure that you set https to true. See #using- https for all necessary details.

经测试，此处host和port影响后续 gitlab-shell 生成的配置的 gitlab_url 地址。操作完成后，再修改这两个值，只影响界面中合成的路径。若 gitlab-shell 的 gitlab_url不是实际访问路径， gitlab-shell 编辑文件后无法正常提交。

If you installed Git from source, change the git bin_path to /usr/local/bin/git 如果你从源代码安装了Git，修改git的bin_path为/usr/local/bin/git

$ vim config/gitlab.yml

Make sure GitLab can write to the log/ and tmp/ directories 确保GitLab可以写入log/和temp/目录

$ chown -R git {log,tmp}
$ chmod -R u+rwX  {log,tmp}

Create directory for satellites 为卫星(?)创建目录

$ mkdir /home/git/gitlab-satellites
$ chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o-rwx /home/git/gitlab-satellites
$ chmod -R ug+rwX,o-rwx /home/git/repositories/
$ chmod -R ug-s /home/git/repositories/

Make sure GitLab can write to the tmp/pids/ and tmp/sockets/ directories 确保GitLab可以写入tmp/pids/和temp/sockets/目录

$ chmod -R u+rwX  tmp/{pids,sockets}

Make sure GitLab can write to the public/uploads/ directory 确保GitLab可以写入public/uploads/目录

$ chmod -R u+rwX  public/uploads

Copy the example Unicorn config 复制并修改Unicorn的示例配置文件

$ cp config/unicorn.rb.example config/unicorn.rb
$ vim config/unicorn.rb

Enable cluster mode if you expect to have a high load instance Ex. change amount of workers to 3 for 2GB RAM server 启用集群模式如果你期望拥有一个高负载实例 附：修改worker的数量到3用于2GB内存的服务器

worker的数量不能小于2，否则 push 时候出现如下错误：

error: RPC failed; result=18, HTTP code = 200
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

默认监听本地127.0.0.1，仅供内部访问，一般情况下需要使用nginx做端口转发，使gitlab与其他站点共存。若要使unicorn直接提供外网访问，更改为：

listen "0.0.0.0:8080", :tcp_nopush => true

unicorn 无法直接使用80端口，原因不明。

Copy the example Rack attack config 复制Rack attack的示例配置文件

$ cp config/initializers/rack_attack.rb.example config/initializers/rack_attack.rb

Configure Git global settings for git user, useful when editing via web Edit user.email according to what is set in config/gitlab.yml 为git用户配置Git全局设定，当通过web修改时有用 修改user.email根据config/gitlab.yml中的设定

$ git config --global user.name "GitLab"
$ git config --global user.email "gitlab@localhost"
$ git config --global core.autocrlf input

数据库配置

MySQL only: 仅限MySQL：

cp config/database.yml.mysql config/database.yml

MySQL and remote PostgreSQL only: Update username/password in config/database.yml. You only need to adapt the production settings (first part). If you followed the database guide then please do as follows: Change 'secure password' with the value you have given to $password You can keep the double quotes around the password 仅限MySQL和远程PostgreSQL： 在config/database.yml中更新用户名/密码； 你只需要适配生产设定（第一部分）； 如果你跟从数据库向导，请按以下操作： 修改'secure password'使用你刚才设定的$password； 你可以保留密码两端的双引号。

vim config/database.yml

PostgreSQL and MySQL: Make config/database.yml readable to git only PostgreSQL和MySQL： 设置config/database.yml仅对git可读。

$ chmod o-rwx config/database.yml

安装 Gems

$ cd /home/git/gitlab

For users from China mainland only 仅限中国大陆用户

$ vim Gemfile

更改为

$ source "https://ruby.taobao.org" # 原始 source "https://rubygems.org/"

仅限中国大陆用户

$ gem source -r https://rubygems.org/
$ gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/

安装支持

$ exit
# yum install cmake
# yum install mysql-devel
# gem install bundle

For MySQL (note, the option says "without ... postgres")

# su git
$ cd ~/gitlab
$ bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres aws

安装GitLab Shell

添加epel源,参考

查看系统架构

$ exit
# getconf LONG_BIT

centos 7

http://itgeeker.net/centos-7-epel-china-mirror-repository/

centos 6

http://www.dahouduan.com/2014/12/25/centos-yum-add-epel-remi/

安装nodejs

# yum install nodejs

运行gitlab-shell的安装任务（替换REDIS_URL如果有需要的话）：

# su git
$ cd ~/gitlab
$ bundle exec rake gitlab:shell:install[v2.6.11] REDIS_URL=redis://localhost:6379 RAILS_ENV=production

By default, the gitlab-shell config is generated from your main gitlab config. 默认的，gitlab-shell的配置文件是由你的gitlab主配置文件生成的。

Note: When using GitLab with HTTPS please change the following:

• Provide paths to the certificates under ca_file and `ca_path options.
• The gitlab_url option must point to the https endpoint of GitLab.
• In case you are using self signed certificate set self_signed_cert to true. See #using-https for all necessary details. 提示：当通过HTTPS使用GitLab时，请做出如下更改：
• 提供证书的路径在ca_file和ca_path选项；
• gitlab_url选项必须指向GitLab的https端点；
• 如果你使用自签名的证书，设置self-signed_cert为true。 所有必需的具体细节参见#using-https

You can review (and modify) it as follows: 你可以检查（并修改该）通过以下方法：

$ vim /home/git/gitlab-shell/config.yml

Ensure the correct SELinux contexts are set Read http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/Network/SecuringSSH 确保正确的SELinux上下文被设置 阅读http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/Network/SecuringSSH

$ restorecon -Rv /home/git/.ssh

初始化数据库和激活高级功能

$ bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production

# Type 'yes' to create the database tables.
# When done you see 'Administrator account created:'
# login.........root
# password......5iveL!fe

$ exit

#安装初始化脚本

下载初始化脚本（将放在/etc/init.d/gitlab）：

# cd /home/git/gitlab
# cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab /etc/init.d/gitlab
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/gitlab
# chkconfig --add gitlab

设置GitLab开机启动：

# chkconfig gitlab on

#设置日志翻转

# cp lib/support/logrotate/gitlab /etc/logrotate.d/gitlab

检查应用状态

# su git
$ cd ~/gitlab
$ bundle exec rake gitlab:env:info RAILS_ENV=production

编译静态文件

$ bundle exec rake assets:precompile RAILS_ENV=production

启动实例

$ /etc/init.d/gitlab start

再起检查，保证所有项目都是绿色

# su git
$ cd /home/git/gitlab
$ bundle exec rake gitlab:check RAILS_ENV=production

此时，在本机已经可以使用以下地址访问 gitlab 了

http://localhost:8080

如果 unicorn 中配置为监听 0.0.0.0:8080，外网也可以通过8080端口访问了

http://you.do.main:8080

如果配置为监听127.0.0.1:8080，则以上地址为拒绝访问。这时需要为 gitlab 配置一个面向外部的服务器。

配置 Apache

这里介绍使用 apache 作为网页服务器，Nginx 请参考官方或其他文档

安装

如有没有安装Apache。

# yum install httpd

注意查看安装的 apache 版本。

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

在文件末尾添加下面这行：

Include /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/*.conf

然后建立文件夹

# mkdir /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts

这样所有的站点都可以在 vhosts 目录下配置了。

配置

这里以上一节的配置环境为例。

访问以下网址找到配置模板,根据安装的版本及SSL支持情况选用，本例为 gitlab-apache22.conf

https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-recipes/tree/8-2-stable/web-server/apache

本例安装的 gitlab 版本并不包含 gitlab-workhorse，需要将与其相关的内容注释掉（本例使用了#noworkhorse#注释），否则 apache 无法启动。另外，修改所有YOUR_SERVER_FQDN，并保证log配置指向存在的路径。

本例修改后的内容如下：

# This configuration has been tested on GitLab 8.2
# Note this config assumes unicorn is listening on default port 8080 and
# gitlab-workhorse is listening on port 8181. To allow gitlab-workhorse to
# listen on port 8181, edit or create /etc/default/gitlab and change or add the following:
#
# gitlab_workhorse_options="-listenUmask 0 -listenNetwork tcp -listenAddr 127.0.0.1:8181 -authBackend http://127.0.0.1:8080"
#
#Module dependencies
# mod_rewrite
# mod_proxy
# mod_proxy_http
<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerName YOUR_SERVER_FQDN
  ServerSignature Off

  ProxyPreserveHost On

  # Ensure that encoded slashes are not decoded but left in their encoded state.
  # http://doc.gitlab.com/ce/api/projects.html#get-single-project
  AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode

  <Location />
    Order deny,allow
    Allow from all

    #Allow forwarding to gitlab-workhorse
    #noworkhorse#ProxyPassReverse http://127.0.0.1:8181
    #Allow forwarding to GitLab Rails app (Unicorn)
    ProxyPassReverse http://127.0.0.1:8080
    ProxyPassReverse http://YOUR_SERVER_FQDN/
  </Location>

  # Apache equivalent of nginx try files
  # http://serverfault.com/questions/290784/what-is-apaches-equivalent-of-nginxs-try-files
  # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10954516/apache2-proxypass-for-rails-app-gitlab
  RewriteEngine on

  #Forward these requests to gitlab-workhorse
  #noworkhorse#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/[\w\.-]+/[\w\.-]+/gitlab-lfs/objects.* [OR]
  #noworkhorse#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/[\w\.-]+/[\w\.-]+/builds/download.* [OR]
  #noworkhorse#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/[\w\.-]+/[\w\.-]+/repository/archive.* [OR]
  #noworkhorse#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/api/v3/projects/.*/repository/archive.* [OR]
  #noworkhorse#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/ci/api/v1/builds/[0-9]+/artifacts.* [OR]
  #noworkhorse#RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/[\w\.-]+/[\w\.-]+/(info/refs|git-upload-pack|git-receive-pack)$
  #noworkhorse#RewriteRule .* http://127.0.0.1:8181%{REQUEST_URI} [P,QSA,NE]

  #Forward any other requests to GitLab Rails app (Unicorn)
  RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f [OR]
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/uploads
  RewriteRule .* http://127.0.0.1:8080%{REQUEST_URI} [P,QSA,NE]

  # needed for downloading attachments
  DocumentRoot /home/git/gitlab/public

  #Set up apache error documents, if back end goes down (i.e. 503 error) then a maintenance/deploy page is thrown up.
  ErrorDocument 404 /404.html
  ErrorDocument 422 /422.html
  ErrorDocument 500 /500.html
  ErrorDocument 503 /deploy.html

  # It is assumed that the log directory is in /var/log/httpd.
  # For Debian distributions you might want to change this to
  # /var/log/apache2.
  LogFormat "%{X-Forwarded-For}i %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common_forwarded
  ErrorLog logs/YOUR_SERVER_FQDN_error.log
  CustomLog logs/YOUR_SERVER_FQDN_forwarded.log common_forwarded
  CustomLog logs/YOUR_SERVER_FQDN_access.log combined env=!dontlog
  CustomLog logs/YOUR_SERVER_FQDN.log combined

</VirtualHost>

新建一个服务器配置，将上述内容输入

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/gitlab.conf

启动 apache

# service httpd start

测试是否能正常访问

http://you.do.main

设置 apache 随系统启动

# chkconfig httpd on

参考链接 https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000002729796#articleHeader3

#调试资料

查看邮件记录

$ tail /var/log/maillog